![]() ![]() Machu Picchu was declared a Peruvian Historic Sanctuary in 1982 and a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1983. Historical research published in 2022 claims that the site was probably called Huayna Picchu by the Inca people themselves, as it exists on the smaller peak of the same name. According to the new AMS radiocarbon dating, it was occupied from c. ![]() The Incas built the estate around 1450 but abandoned it a century later, at the time of the Spanish conquest. Most recent archaeologists believe that Machu Picchu was constructed as an estate for the Inca emperor Pachacuti (1438–1472). By 1976, 30% of Machu Picchu had been restored and restoration continues. Most of the outlying buildings have been reconstructed in order to give visitors a better idea of how they originally appeared. Its three primary structures are the Intihuatana, the Temple of the Sun, and the Temple of the Three Windows. Machu Picchu was built in the classical Inca style, with polished dry-stone walls. The names of the buildings, their supposed uses, and their inhabitants are the product of modern archaeologists based on physical evidence, including tombs at the site. The Inca civilization had no written language and, after the discovery by a Spanish soldier Baltasar Ocampo, by the end of the 16th-century no more Europeans visited the site until the 19th century, so far as is known, so there are no written records of the site while it was in use. ![]() In English, the name is pronounced / ˌ m ɑː tʃ uː ˈ p iː tʃ uː/ MAH-choo PEE-choo or / ˌ m æ tʃ uː ˈ p iː k tʃ uː/ MATCH-oo PEAK-choo, in Spanish as or, and in Quechua ( Machu Pikchu) as. In reference to the site’s name, for most English or Spanish speakers, the first 'c' in Picchu is silent. The Urubamba River flows past it, cutting through the Cordillera and creating a canyon with a tropical mountain climate. It is located in the Machupicchu District within Urubamba Province above the Sacred Valley, which is 80 kilometers (50 mi) northwest of Cusco. Often referred to as the "Lost City of the Incas", it is the most familiar icon of the Inca Empire. Machu Picchu is a 15th-century Inca citadel located in the Eastern Cordillera of southern Peru on a 2,430-meter (7,970 ft) mountain ridge. ![]()
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